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Recap of Key Concepts for HTML Fundamentals Tutorial
1. HTML Structure:
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- HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
- HTML documents consist of nested elements, structured as a tree hierarchy.
- The basic structure of an HTML document includes <html>, <head>, and <body> elements.
2. Semantic HTML:
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- Semantic HTML elements provide meaning and structure to web content, improving accessibility and SEO.
- Examples of semantic elements include <header>, <nav>, <main>, <article>, <section>, and <footer>.
3. Tags and Attributes:
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- HTML tags define the structure and content of web pages, enclosed in angle brackets (<>).
- Tags can have attributes, providing additional information or modifying the behavior of elements.
- Common attributes include id, class, src, href, alt, and title.
4. Text Formatting:
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- HTML provides various tags for text formatting, including headings (<h1> to <h6>), paragraphs (<p>), emphasis (<em> and <strong>), and line breaks (<br>).
5. Links and Anchors:
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- Hyperlinks (<a>) allow users to navigate between web pages or to specific sections within a page using anchor links (<a href=”#section”>).
- Links can open in the same window/tab (<a href=”page.html”>) or a new window/tab (<a href=”page.html” target=”_blank”>).
6. Images:
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- Images (<img>) are used to display graphics and photos on web pages, with attributes like src (source) and alt (alternative text).
- Alternative text (alt) should provide a descriptive explanation of the image for accessibility and SEO purposes.
7. Lists:
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- HTML supports ordered lists (<ol>), unordered lists (<ul>), and definition lists (<dl>), with list items (<li>) containing the individual list elements.
8. Tables:
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- Tables (<table>) are used to organize data into rows (<tr>) and columns (<td>), with optional header rows (<th>) for column headings.
- Attributes like colspan and rowspan can be used to span multiple rows or columns.
9. Forms:
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- HTML forms (<form>) are used to collect user input, with various form elements like text fields (<input type=”text”>), checkboxes (<input type=”checkbox”>), radio buttons (<input type=”radio”>), and buttons (<button>).
- Form submission is handled using the method attribute (GET or POST) and the action attribute (URL to submit form data).
10. Metadata:
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- Metadata elements (<meta>) provide information about the HTML document, such as character encoding (<meta charset=”UTF-8″>) and viewport settings (<meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0″>).
By understanding these key concepts, you can create well-structured and semantically meaningful HTML documents, ensuring a solid foundation for building web pages and applications.
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